Efficiency of carbon market
Carbon markets are
significant and they are mounting in today’s environment due to global warming.
Since last many decades, there is a growing mindfulness of climate change risks
and need to lessen greenhouse gas emissions. Nations recognized the necessity
to limit the gathering of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere up to a
level that will avert hazardous anthropogenic interference with the climate
system.
Carbon market is a market where carbon
emissions can be merchandized. It enables governments to set a price on carbon
emissions, so companies cannot pass environmental costs on to the public, the
way they do today. Major goal of Carbon markets is to decrease greenhouse gas
emissions in cost-effective manner by setting limits on emissions and allowing
the trade-off of emission units, which are tools representing emission
reductions.
Carbon trading, also
known as emissions trading, is a market-based mechanism to limit GHG. Carbon
markets can be implemented in many ways. The most famous, Cap-and-trade schemes
are executed to regulate carbon dioxide (CO2) and other emissions. Under this
scheme, governing body set cap which is based on some factors like the type of
industry it belongs to and the ease with which the industry could feasibly
reduce its emissions. Cap-and-trade schemes can be either mandatory or intended.
A fruitful cap-and-trade scheme depends on a strict but practicable cap that drops
emissions over time. If the cap is set too high, surplus of emissions will
enter the atmosphere and the scheme will be futile. In broad sense, a
government has three level of controls to tackle environmental problems that
include setting emissions limits, introducing carbon taxes, and enabling a
carbon market.
There are some
benefits of carbon trading such as reduction in greenhouse gas emission, source
of revenue for developing nations, and it supports a free market system.
In recapping the
facts, setting price on carbon is crucial to drive the technological and
behavioural improvement in order to limit climate change. Market-based schemes
such as cap-and-trade emission trading are vital to price carbon emissions.
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