Efficiency of carbon market


Carbon markets are significant and they are mounting in today’s environment due to global warming. Since last many decades, there is a growing mindfulness of climate change risks and need to lessen greenhouse gas emissions. Nations recognized the necessity to limit the gathering of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere up to a level that will avert hazardous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.


 Carbon market is a market where carbon emissions can be merchandized. It enables governments to set a price on carbon emissions, so companies cannot pass environmental costs on to the public, the way they do today. Major goal of Carbon markets is to decrease greenhouse gas emissions in cost-effective manner by setting limits on emissions and allowing the trade-off of emission units, which are tools representing emission reductions.

Carbon trading, also known as emissions trading, is a market-based mechanism to limit GHG. Carbon markets can be implemented in many ways. The most famous, Cap-and-trade schemes are executed to regulate carbon dioxide (CO2) and other emissions. Under this scheme, governing body set cap which is based on some factors like the type of industry it belongs to and the ease with which the industry could feasibly reduce its emissions. Cap-and-trade schemes can be either mandatory or intended. A fruitful cap-and-trade scheme depends on a strict but practicable cap that drops emissions over time. If the cap is set too high, surplus of emissions will enter the atmosphere and the scheme will be futile. In broad sense, a government has three level of controls to tackle environmental problems that include setting emissions limits, introducing carbon taxes, and enabling a carbon market.

There are some benefits of carbon trading such as reduction in greenhouse gas emission, source of revenue for developing nations, and it supports a free market system.

In recapping the facts, setting price on carbon is crucial to drive the technological and behavioural improvement in order to limit climate change. Market-based schemes such as cap-and-trade emission trading are vital to price carbon emissions.

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