Reverse migration: An appreciated efforts

The advent of a new upsurge of “reverse migration” in nations from metropolitan cities to neighbouring smaller towns and suburban areas is visible in present global scenario.

Since the onset of 2008 global economic crisis, developed countries have seen huge number of talented professionals and skilled immigrants who had left emerging economic like India, China, Russia, Brazil are returning to their home countries. This phenomenon is referred as reverse brain drain. Returning migrant who once went abroad in search of golden opportunities are being lured back to their home countries by their high rate of economic growth. Some researchers argue that as the reverse migration trend intensifies, the brain drain is being transmuted in to a talent flow.

Major grounds of reverse migration:

There are many prime reasons for rising trend of reverse migration. It is realized that currently, many people from metropolitan cities are relocating to smaller towns. Populace move from mostly smaller cities to suburban areas and nearby towns of metropolises to get facilities at reasonable rate.

Though big metropolitan areas have more profitable employment opportunities and generally have higher incomes as compared to smaller metropolitan zones, still people migrate to towns for peace of mind. This is more prevalent in developing countries like India.

Affordable housing is the also a prime cause of reverse migration.  People move to smaller places from cities where the cost of living is far too high. The clean and pleasant climate, relatively low cost of housing has exhilarated people to move to suburban areas.

Environmental experts have conveyed concern that the high level of migration of people to the smaller cities can lead to drastic change in the environmental and cultural textures of the province.

Although it appears that the rural-urban migration trend is reversing in the country, however, the movement of people from rural areas to bigger cities is still far higher than urban to rural. Similarly At global level, the brain drain has long been seen as favouring developed countries while damaging less developed ones.

Reverse migration can support people in effectual way. Highly talented people can offer their services to less developed areas which in turn facilitates population living in deprived condition. This enhances their life standard. Entrepreneurs can set up their business to make drastic changes in less developed areas. There is good example of Bhopal, MP, India. RBI governor of India, Raghuram Rajan visited Salamatpur village, 40km from Bhopal, to comprehend the great achievement of reverse migration by labourers, who returned to their village and established business with help of a pharma company and a local bank. Earlier, villagers had migrated to other states for jobs as there was no source of income in their village.

In 2008, they were motivated by a local pharma company to establish their own business, so they decided to return home. When the RBI governor went to see the village, he was astonished at the devotion and entrepreneurship of villagers. Rajan promised to help them by ease bank loan interests and simplify regulations for small traders, who had kicked off their own business. He also praised efforts by self-help groups, who encouraged reverse migration by heading back home to earn livelihood without government backing.

This example clearly indicates that if talent is there, people can enhance living in their surrounding and attract investors to visit and invest funds. Today reverse migration is a trend. People are more interested to work with ease and give their best to develop rural areas as living is comfortable in such places.

It is witnessed that many NRIs have backed to India for significant reasons. Whatever they acquired in abroad such as leveraging the education and technical experiences, they are now applying their skills and contributing towards India's economy across all. Whether it be business start-ups, non-profits, or high-level positions in MNCs. It is because they can confidently say, it is my home. Other reason of reverse migration of NRI is that they are unable to get their spouses, parents, and relative’s visas abroad. In India, NR's are welcomed warmly but in other countries, there are strict rules. Reverse migration is occurring at great pace as NRIs are unable to start up their own ventures and businesses.

To recapitulate facts, it is appraised that reverse migration may enhance the weaker section of any country and expand facilities due to landing of talented people in to region. In contemporary social climate, reverse migration reflects latest development of returnees.
Important: This article is an expression of writer and based on available information. Any resemblance is just a coincidence. Writer is not responsible for any disagreement