Dental health solution for aging population: tooth regeneration
Dental stem cell is a
wonderful alternative for missing teeth replacement for aging population. In
technology determined society, dental advancement is significant breakthrough
in human development process. Teeth are intricate structures in humans and contain
two separate specialized hard tissues, dentine and enamel, which form a unified
attachment with bone via a specialized (periodontal) ligament. Among several
dental treatment, repair, restoration and replacement of teeth are common
dental practices for patients suffering from dental issues.
Especially aging
population is vulnerable to numerous teeth problems and dental practitioners
work intelligently to serve effective way to make them comfortable. Currently
in India and other developing nations, patients who have multiple missing teeth
can opt for implants, or dentures. Nonetheless, these two dental solutions may
have detrimental dental health issues. Major health problems associated with
dental implants include infection at the implant site, injury or damage to the
surrounding structures, nerve damage, and sinus problems. Though this technique
is preferred and espoused by huge population for their missing teeth today,
dental implants can miscarry and unable to “remodel” with adjoining jaw bone
which adversely impact on the remaining human life. Dentures, whether flexible
or high quality may be itchy and persons find difficulty in chewing at later
stage. They can also cause gum and mouth irritation or infections.
In developed nations,
perpetual researches are being conducted to explore solid solutions for missing
teeth of patients. Due to progression of medical science in dentistry arena, life
expectancy of individual is increased and they can lead good social and
personal life. Procedures for missing teeth replacement like dentures and
implants are now traditional practices because dental scholars are focusing on
the novel way to grow new teeth in a patient’s mouth. But it is not common in
developing countries as the research is still at infancy stage and only
industrialized countries get benefit from this study outcome. Another challenge
is the high cost of dental procedure of growing teeth.
Still, stem cell therapy
for tooth regeneration gives golden chance to people to refill their missing
teeth and their smile. Tooth regeneration in missing teeth resolves all issues
associated with implants or dentures. This is magnificent gift of medical science
advancement which is termed as dental stem cell. Stem cell researchers/
practitioners can make possible to regrow missing teeth. Stem cells are cells
that have recreating properties and have ability to multiply at exceptionally
rapid rates. Each time one of these cells are created, one of two things can
happen. For common person, it is elaborated that human dental stem cells can be
found from postnatal teeth, extracted wisdom teeth or exfoliated deciduous
teeth. Due to their differentiation potential, these mesenchymal stem cells are
helpful for tooth repair. Consequently, the dental tissue regeneration
signifies a promising solution for missing teeth but also moot for numerous
scholars. In normal course, dental surgeon or practitioners use inert materials
to repair damaged or infectious teeth. Tooth regeneration emerged as good
alternative as inert materials can fail with time.
Stem cell tooth
implantation promises to replace uncomfortable and length procedures such as
dental implants. It is indicated in medical reports that within two months, the
stem cells grow into a new tooth, an exact match of old one. The stem cells
also produce the bone that connects the tooth to the jaw which eliminates the
procedure of bone grafting. Patients do not have fear with regenerated teeth as
there is no risk of falling of teeth. Stem cell tooth implants also maintain the
health of gums. Some dental health centres in India have created stem cell
banking to store stem cells from teeth for future use.
Steps involved in regeneration of tooth:
1. Reaping and expansion of adult stem cells.
2. Seeding the stem cells into scaffold which provides
optimized environment.
3. Cells are instructed with targeted soluble molecular
signals spatially.
4. Confirming the gene expression profile of the cells
for next stage in odontogenesis.
It has been
recognized by dental scientists that Laser Therapy Stimulates Regeneration in
teeth.
Major benefits of dental stem cell technique for tooth
regeneration:
This procedure has
high plasticity. It can be cryopreserved for longer period. It indicated good
interaction with scaffold and growth factors. Stem cells transplantations can
cause pathogen transmission and also need immunosuppression, so autologous stem
cell source is the best option. Dental pulp stem cells will be better fitting
tool due to easy surgical access, the very low morbidity of the anatomical site
after the collection of the pulp.
According to medical
sources, Stem cell implants will cost patients around $2500-3500.
Side effects of dental stem cell tooth regeneration:
Since stem cell tooth
regeneration procedure for dental problem solution is in embryonic stage,
therefore its safety and consequences are not thoroughly studied.
Future prospects of Stem Cell Tooth Regeneration:
The tooth regeneration
technique will be promising in future development in stem cell therapy and
tissue engineering. Regenerative processes would be better fitting and great
option against dental implants which is painful and unpredictable treatment for
missing teeth in elderly people.
To find healthy
solution to lost teeth, now elderly people can smile with tooth regeneration
technique, a breakthrough in dental field. In applied dentistry, tooth
engineering tactics like stem cell plays pivotal role in dental regeneration. Stem
cell therapy has also dominant contribution for future treatment in dentistry.
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