Know your blood group to receive or donate in case of emergency

Blood group information is important for individuals to face health challenges.  Knowing the blood group helps when person needs blood transfusion due to injury, accident or due to any medical cause. Normally people assume that their blood group will match with their parents due to same biological or DNA configuration. This is hot hitting topic of this write up as this may not always be true.


According to biological studies, blood is composed of the same basic elements that include red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma. Blood in all people is not similar. Blood types are basically determined by the presence or absence of certain antigens, substances that can activate an immune response if they are foreign to the body.


Medical literature denotes that human blood is categorized into four major groups A, B, AB, and O. Each letter denotes to a type of antigen, or protein, on the surface of red blood cells. Blood is either Rh (+) or Rh (-).

There are following subdivisions of blood groups found in human population:

1. O (-) Blood group is universal donor because it can be transfused to almost any patient. According to reports, O- is found in six percent of the population. Unluckily, people with O (-) blood can only receive O (-) blood during transfusions because the individual does not have the three antigens present in other blood types (A, B, and Rh).

2. O+ is the most commonly occurring blood type and is found in 37 percent of the population.

3. A+ blood is also frequently occurring blood type. Thirty-four of every 100 people have A+.

4. A- Blood group falls in rarest category. Due to having antigen A but no Rh antigen in the blood, A negative can only receive blood type A (-) and O (-).

5. Blood group AB persons have both A and B antigens on the surface of their RBCs, and their blood plasma does not contain any antibodies against either A or B antigen. Consequently, an individual with type AB blood can receive blood from any group, but cannot donate blood to any group other than AB. They are called universal recipients.

6. Persons who have Blood group B, have the B antigen on the surface of their RBCs, and blood serum containing IgM antibodies against the A antigen. Therefore, a group B individual can receive blood only from individuals of groups B or O (with B being preferable), and can donate blood to individuals with type B or AB.

In brief, people must know their blood group so that in medical emergency, they can share information with doctor to recover fast. Regarding Blood groups, these are complex chemical systems found on the surface of blood cells. 

 Important: This article is developed through environmental information and personal view of writer. Writer is not responsible for any disagreement.

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