Know your blood group to receive or donate in case of emergency

Blood group information is important for individuals to face health challenges.  Knowing the blood group helps when person needs blood transfusion due to injury, accident or due to any medical cause. Normally people assume that their blood group will match with their parents due to same biological or DNA configuration. This is hot hitting topic of this write up as this may not always be true.

According to biological studies, blood is composed of the same basic elements that include red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma. Blood in all people is not similar. Blood types are basically determined by the presence or absence of certain antigens, substances that can activate an immune response if they are foreign to the body.

Medical literature denotes that human blood is categorized into four major groups A, B, AB, and O. Each letter denotes to a type of antigen, or protein, on the surface of red blood cells. Blood is either Rh (+) or Rh (-).

There are following subdivisions of blood groups found in human population:

1. O (-) Blood group is universal donor because it can be transfused to almost any patient. According to reports, O- is found in six percent of the population. Unluckily, people with O (-) blood can only receive O (-) blood during transfusions because the individual does not have the three antigens present in other blood types (A, B, and Rh).

2. O+ is the most commonly occurring blood type and is found in 37 percent of the population.

3. A+ blood is also frequently occurring blood type. Thirty-four of every 100 people have A+.

4. A- Blood group falls in rarest category. Due to having antigen A but no Rh antigen in the blood, A negative can only receive blood type A (-) and O (-).

5. Blood group AB persons have both A and B antigens on the surface of their RBCs, and their blood plasma does not contain any antibodies against either A or B antigen. Consequently, an individual with type AB blood can receive blood from any group, but cannot donate blood to any group other than AB. They are called universal recipients.

6. Persons who have Blood group B, have the B antigen on the surface of their RBCs, and blood serum containing IgM antibodies against the A antigen. Therefore, a group B individual can receive blood only from individuals of groups B or O (with B being preferable), and can donate blood to individuals with type B or AB.

In brief, people must know their blood group so that in medical emergency, they can share information with doctor to recover fast. Regarding Blood groups, these are complex chemical systems found on the surface of blood cells. 

Important note: This article is developed through environmental information and personal view of writer. Writer is not responsible for any disagreement.

Major causes of muscle pain in hands and legs

Muscle pain is very common health problem and experienced by majority of persons in their life. It usually happens due to damage and inflammation of the affected muscle as well as the structures around that muscle such as tendons and ligaments. Some general reasons for muscle pain include muscle tension in one or more areas of the body, overusing the muscle during physical activity, wounding the muscle while doing physical work or exercise.

People experience muscle pain in the hands and feet due to the outcome of overuse, strain or injury of the specific muscle. Muscle pain is also linked with major diseases like diabetes, thyroid disease, rheumatoid arthritis, dermatomyositis and fibromyalgia.

It is to inform to readers that strain or injury is not the only cause of experiencing muscle pain. Sometimes, physicians diagnose muscle ache as a result of medical conditions such as infections that include flu, polio, or bacterial infections, autoimmune disorders like lupus, dermatomyositis, polymyositis, consuming certain medications or drugs, like statins, ACE inhibitors, or cocaine, thyroid problems or hypokalemia (low potassium).

Patients can get relief from muscle pain through some remedies if it is not associated with severe diseases. Give rest to the affected area where you experience muscle ache. Patients can also apply ice to the painful area to get relieve from discomfort and it will also lessen inflammation. Hydration is important before and throughout workout to avoid cramping and decrease inflammation after exercise. Muscle pain can be reduced through avoiding heavy weight lifting, stress relieving exercise like yoga and meditation.

Though muscle pain is not a serious or life threatening medical state at initial stage and home remedies work well but persons must visit doctor when pain is not reducing through home treatment, or pain become severe without any visible cause, or some rashes appear with pain, or myalgia go along with by redness or swelling.

Patients must know the emergency situation for muscle pain. These include a person suddenly feel water retention or a decrease in urine volume, have difficulty in swallowing, vomiting or a fever, trouble to breath, stiffness in neck area, inability to move the affected area of the body.

In concluding remark, muscle pain has numerous causes. Physicians can tap the key ground for muscle ache. If pain is due to injury or excessive physical work, immediate home remedies can be done such as putting ice pack or resting the affected area. It is advised to patients to consult a doctor and get medication as sometimes muscle pain is warning of some serious ailments also.

Important: This article is developed through environmental information and personal view of writer. Writer is not responsible for any disagreement.

Fill emptiness in life with natural rainbow

Life is an important voyage and we have to make it interesting through spicing enjoyable events and pleasant experiences and fill emptiness. To step up with boring life, we must have some specific goals, transform our lifestyle and control over negative emotions like sadness, grief, or physical pain.

There are lots of work we can do to fill hollowness in our life. We can involve in creating a new venture, or improving self through espousing effective strategies like internet surfing to prepare nourished foods, beauty treatment to enhance outlook, gaining knowledge to perform better in exam or job and many more.

We must engage in activities that brings pleasure such as organizing small party with friends, gossiping with likeminded people on phone or on walk. It will keep us busy and kick out negative thoughts.

Emptiness in life can be lessened when we think of some great challenges in life and we put our energies to meet out or resolve intricate issues that emerge due to personal inefficiencies or environmental barriers.

Chase your dream and pursue hobbies to fill colour in life. It will decrease the hollowness and we can throw boring phase from our life.

Other effective way to fill the emptiness in life is to allow yourself some sort of passage for your emotions.

Landing in to destination of thoughts about emptiness in life, it is well settled that emptiness is felt by most of us in any stage of life. Some have feeling that hollowness is due to loss of spouse, boredom, or other grounds.  But these are not real causes instead these are underlying issues of life. Basically emptiness is experienced because there is lack of love in life. To overcome feeling of emptiness, we must continually think positively and move forward to pursue our set goal of life.

Giant TV quiz show “Kaun Banega Crorepati”: Psychological angle

Kaun Banega Crorepati stole the heart of millions of viewers in all geographical land of India and abroad. It is a psychologically galvanising quiz show and each viewer plays no matter where he/she is residing or it also does not matter whether he/she will get financial reward instantly. The central figure and most magnetic charm of this chartbuster quiz show is great millennium actor, Mr. Amitabh Bachchan. Only he has power to run this captivating and most entertaining show on Indian TV. His vibrant energy, interacting art with contestants and making the show attention-grabbing is invincible.

From psychological stand point, this charismatic quiz show, “Kaun banega crorepati” inspires vast number of people to make efforts to gain knowledge, learn concepts, principles and literature from education sea. It supports individuals to apply logic to crack questions. In fact, this quiz show really train students, professionals or housewife to resolve issues of life through their rational mind.

Viewers who watch this show or participate through app to gain insight and enthuse to learn more from internet world, books or other sources to augment their knowledgebase. Indirectly, this endeavour will help viewers to crack competitive examinations or job interviews.

It is very obvious that people are engrossed in learning myriads of subjects like politics, science, economics, mythology, sports, literature, art and many more to be a part of show and grab hot seat to interact with Sadi ke Mahanayak, Mr. Amitabh Bachchan ji. The motive may be for financial gain or many attraction but this show has hidden benefit to increase literacy in country. It is writer’s thinking.

Majority of us wait till evening to watch the show to test our knowledge on questions asked in this quiz show. People of all ages feel happy if they pick right answer but the magical thing is that they do not get discouraged if the answer is wrong because they do not lose anything.

Eye-catching show, Kaun banega crorepati” really enhances intellectual knack of viewers from writer’s analysis and those people who were underestimated during school, college or in occupation, feel proud if they answer correctly to the displayed intricate questions.

Thanks to Sony Entertainment Television for telecasting this awesome quiz show, Kaun banega crorepati” as this TV serial decelerate cognitive decay in aging folks and augment mental functions such as remembering, memory, attention, recall to live with self-respect.

As a psychological writer, I have bundle of novel strategies for question writing style and effective policies to make the show at pinnacle in futuristic competitive ground. Producers or sponsors are welcomed to contact us.

Important note: This article is based on the personal views of writer. Writer is not responsible for any disagreement.

Decelerate the cognitive decline while entering to elderly phase

Cognitive aging grip individuals who are lethargic and do not actively involved in mental tasks. It is revealed in psychological studies that most of the elderly people develop up to some extent of weakening in cognitive ability and exhibit symptoms of forgetfulness, decreased ability to maintain focus, waning of problem solving capacity.

If such symptoms are not attended immediately, it may lead to more serious conditions, such as dementia and depression, or even irreversible mental ailment like Alzheimer’s disease.

Major grounds of Age-Related Cognitive Decline:

Age-related cognitive decline are triggered by numerous factors:

• Oxidative stress and free radical damage
• Chronic low-level inflammation
• Declining hormone levels like estrogen, testosterone, DHEA, pregnenolone
• Inner arterial lining (endothelium) dysfunction
• Insulin resistance
• over weight
• Low nutrition
• Loneliness, lack of social network, and high stress

To decelerate the intellectual decay, individuals have to make proactive lifestyle changes, get cognitive training, and consume nutritional rich diet.

Furthermore, proper sleep, enjoyable lifestyle, involved in leisure activities may augment cognitive functions of individuals such as memory, learning, remembering, recall, and attention.

It is known truth that with age, cognitive capabilities slowly dwindle. Partial or certain degree of cognitive decay is normal as we age. But it is observed that in some individuals, cognitive deterioration is rapid that results in severe mental ailment like dementia. This can make it impossible to cope with daily tasks. It is therefore, psychologists and psychiatrist advice that at initial stage, we must slowdown the process of cognitive degeneration through transforming lifestyle, taking nourished diet and involve in intellectual tasks. 

Important note: This article is developed through environmental information and personal view of writer. Writer is not responsible for any disagreement.

Sensory impairments is common in old age

It has been observed that older folks are normally suffer from sensory impairment for example vision and hearing problems. Sensory impairments upsurge as people enter in old age period and many older people experience a sensory damage in their life.

Medical specialists have elaborated in their studies that changes in sensitivity to contrast, color, and glare, stereoacuity, and peripheral vision can affect visual function of elderly people. Reports indicated that severe impairment occurs in older people due to several medical conditions that include age-related macular degeneration, cataracts, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy.

Macular degeneration occur due to the breakdown of cells in the macula of the retina that causes yellow deposits, known as drusen, to form under the retina. The wet form of the condition, in which abnormal blood vessels surrounding the drusen leak, causes subretinal haemorrhage and scarring.

Diabetic retinopathy develops due to increased vessel permeability. Blood and lipid leakage leads to macular edema and hard exudates (composed of lipids). In progressive disease, new fragile blood vessels form that hemorrhage easily.

Cataract is another common sensory impairment in old age which occurs due to a clouding of the normally clear ocular lens that’s usually caused by a clumping of proteins in the nucleus of the lens. Consequently, less light can reach the retina.

Glaucoma in older people is a severe form of sensory damage in which there is a vision loss because of increased intraocular pressure. In open-angle glaucoma the anterior chamber angle is normal, but anomalies of the trabecular meshwork or the Schlemm canal, as well as in the rate of aqueous fluid production lead to the rise in pressure. In closed-angle glaucoma, the anterior chamber angle itself is clogged, often by an iris that is thickened or displaced anteriorly by an enlarged lens.

In final analysis, it is interpreted that aging people have extra burden of sensory deficits. It is a critical component of health and immensely impact on the life of any individual.

Important: This article is developed through environmental information and personal view of writer. Writer is not responsible for any disagreement.

Traits of females visualized as a horror objects in majority of movies

Horror films fascinate viewers since ancient time. Though films made on different genres are well appreciated at global level but horror genre has distinct place in film industry of any country. In horror movies, producers flash horrendous objects or entities to leave an impact of terror on viewer’s mind. Majority of people are curious to know the nature of supernatural instincts or the power of ghost. Among diverse classification of horror objects, women are many times highlighted as a horror object to make film blockbuster and generate huge revenues.

It has been documented in film literature that horror movies have long been a focus of feminist theory. Majority of horror movies have female as a central character or at least end up with a single female. Females are portrayed in horror movies in negative ways and their character highlights some traditional or negative qualities. Several media researchers squabbled that the portrayals of women in film have transformed since last few decades because of the feminist movement; nevertheless, stereotypes of women continue to be present in the media.  Psychologists stated that in many horror movies, males are often admired and revered for their sensual prowess but females are often castigated for promiscuity. In horror films, women are represented as a vulnerable and feeble object.

Plethora of feminist studies grounded in psychoanalytic theories of human motivation accentuated that viewer’s allegedly assume that there are universal interest in watching horror movies that include feminine objects. Typically in this account, women are elucidated as castrated or threat evoking figure.

In many movies, fates of woman and monsters are also linked. But numerous critics argued that horror scenes can be created with utilization of both male and female characters.

Wrapping up the features of horror genre of movies in which females are emphasized as a horror entities, it is clinched that women has more dominance in horror movies. In epitome, horror movies utilize female object as a repository for universal needs.