Types of dental problems and Preventive measures

In present environment, children/Adults may have habit to eat processed food and do not clean teeth properly. As a result, they may suffer many dental problem that has adverse impact on their overall health.

Common paediatric dental problems are as follows:

1. Tooth Decay: Tooth decay, is a preventable disease. Tooth decay is due to certain types of bacteria that live in your mouth. When a person eats carbohydrate-rich foods, such as candy, cookies, soft drinks and even fruit juices, this leaves deposits on teeth. These deposits bond with the bacteria that normally survive in the mouth and form plaque. The combination of deposits and plaque forms acids that can damage the mineral structure of the teeth and causes decay of tooth. Dentists always advise to brush with a fluoride toothpaste and floss every day.

2. Sensitive Teeth: Sensitivity is common problem faced by most of the people. Hot and cold food or beverages can cause uneasiness to people with sensitive teeth. With time, tooth enamel can be worn down, gums may recede or teeth may develop minute cracks, exposing the interior of the tooth and causes the irritation of nerve endings. It is observed that even breathing cold air can be throbbing for those with extremely sensitive teeth. People who suffer from sensitivity of tooth must use specially formulated desensitizing toothpastes, fluoride varnishes or treatments.

3. Bad Breath: Bad breath develops due to poor oral hygiene, gum problems, or dry mouth. Other medical ailments such as digestive problems, chronic sinusitis, diabetes, or the side effects of medications can also cause abnormal mouth smell.

4. Thumb-sucking: Sucking is natural habit for an infant and it provides a sense of security and pleasure to baby. If child continue to sucking when his/her permanent teeth start to erupt, it may be time to take action to eliminate the habit because it may affect their oral health.

5. Gum Disease: Gum disease is the swelling of gum tissue often caused by poor oral hygiene and plaque accumulation over time which can progress into tooth loss and bone damage. In the early stage, gums may bleed easily and become red and swollen. Gum disease is preventable and can usually be avoided by daily brushing and flossing.  People can diagnose gum disease by observing that they are having bad breath, a bad taste in the mouth or bleeding of the gums especially after flossing. To prevent gum disease, people must see doctor dentist regularly.

6. Canker Sores: Canker sores are usually small sores inside the mouth with a white or gray base surrounded by a red border. The duration of canker sores can be reduced by the use of antimicrobial mouthwashes or topical agents.

7. Over-Retained Primary (baby) Teeth: A primary tooth still in position with a permanent tooth trying to erupt in the same space is called an "over-retained" tooth, and requires removal of the primary tooth. The presence of primary teeth in teenagers and adults specifies a possible problem, such as congenitally missing or impacted permanent teeth. It is advised to do regular dental care and visit dentist to monitor growth.

8. Wisdom Teeth:  Sometimes, wisdom teeth may cause pain during their eruption. An infection may occur when the tooth is not fully erupted. If swelling arises, patients are advised to see dentists immediately.

9. Oral Cancer:  Oral cancer is lethal disease that affects majority of people around the globe. This disease pertains to the mouth, lips or throat, is often highly treatable if diagnosed and treated in the early stages.

10. Tooth Erosion: Tooth erosion is the loss of tooth structure and it develops due to acid attacking on the enamel. Tooth erosion signs and symptoms can range from sensitivity to more severe problems such as cracking. It can also be easily prevented.

Major dental problem faced by teens: 

Some dental problems especially occur in teenage. These medical ailment affect an adolescent’s teeth and oral cavity may require dental care. Irregular teeth growth is also a common problem during teenage. Another problem is wisdom teeth extraction or the removal of the third molar.

To prevent dental problems, it is recommended by density to embrace good eating habits and regularly clean teeth. People experiencing dental problem must visit regularly for dental examinations and professional cleanings to avoid serious ailment. It is also suggested to take a balanced diet, with sufficient amount of calcium and vitamin D to increase calcium absorption. It should provide all the nutrients necessary to build strong teeth and keep gums and mouth tissues healthy.