Importance of Faculty Development Program




Faculty members serve as a key resource who share knowledge and abilities to pupils in companies or any educational institutes. These Faculty members are equipped with effectual faculty development program to handle drastic changes occur in educational institutes due to technological innovation.




Faculty development is signified as myriads of activities that educational bodies apply to enhance the role of faculty members. This encompasses programs aimed at augmenting the performance of faculty members in education, investigation and management as well as increasing organizational capabilities and culture. Faculty Development Programme (FDP) is intended to sharpen the teaching and research abilities of potential, new and experienced teachers, researchers and instructors.

Many intellectuals have explicated the faculty development program. Some have stated that it is an instructional development which accentuate the development of faculty talents involving instructional technology, small group teaching and prospectus design. In the view of other theorists, faculty development program is a professional development which equip faculty members in their professional accountabilities as instructors, scholars, and managers.


There is an unrelenting need of faculty development programs in today’s high pace and rapidly shifting paradigm. In country like India, there is unprecedented growth in educational institutes in every sphere such as medical, engineering, and management. This creates a challenge to institutes as there may be shortage in faculty staff to impart quality education. Sometimes, there is a requirement of professional faculty who can assist to improve programs and develop brilliant students.

 It is frequently observed that traditional style of schooling is ineffective to prepare pupil for future. In order to synchronize with modern path of education, it is imperative that faculty development programs must be conducted. These programs can well respond to developments in education, to continue to acclimatise to the emergent responsibilities of faculty members, and to perform arduous program assessments. Faculty development programs are also required for considering diverse training methods and formats, and inspire new alliances.

This programme is conducted to train and develop experts in their field to act as an effective resource guide and enthuse young pupils.  FDP is best for professional growth of teachers, researchers, and trainers working in state, central government and private institutions.


In simple term, FDPs have been established to improve instructional abilities. Faculty development programs (FDPs) have proven to be successful for improving teaching skills in higher education. In present scenario, faculty development program has immense significance in educational, medical, or technical stream as it offers range of programs for student growth. The major positive outcomes of faculty development programs are greater satisfaction in teaching or imparting education in any stream, changing in outlooks toward teaching and faculty growth, gaining knowledge and skills, alerting in teaching behaviour, and changes in pupil learning.

Currently, faculty development expressively focus on faculty awareness about vigour and revitalization of teaching capabilities, offering good support to stated institutional missions, and deal tactfully with the faculty member's and institution's ability to flourish in competitive edge.

White water rafting: Holiday thrilling expedition

White water rafting is a roller-coaster adventure which engrained deep into nature’s wilds. White-water rafting is gaining huge popularity since over the past two decades. White water rafting allures a lot to adventure lovers. It is a type of recreational outdoor voyage which use an inflatable raft to circumnavigate a river.

White water rafting is mental health booster for thrillers. It is enthralling sport activity because rafting through the ferocious waves of waters and managing to find ground can be quite exhilarating and give sports persons an adrenaline rush.



India is hub of several rivers flowing in different regions therefore river rafting is hugely popular activity for Indian habitants. In Indian climatic conditions, the best time for white water rafting is between September to November and April to May. River rafting thrillers can find many places in India for this exciting sport activity which are as follows.

Rishikesh: White Water rafting in Rishikesh is highly adventurous. In Rishikesh, the flowing water, the graceful terrain and the peaceful surroundings can make an enjoyable rafting experience.

Another exciting location for white water river rafting is Tattapani in Uttarakhand.

Rafting sport lovers can also get adventurous experience in Beas River in Pirdi in Himachal Pradesh.

For adventurous sports like white river rafting, The Kameng River in Tawang is electrifying destination.

Nature lovers can also have spellbinding experience in Kolad in Maharashtra.

Rangit River in Sikkim is also famous for white river rafting as it offers grade 2 and 3 rapids for White Water Rafting.

The Barapole River in Coorg in Kartanaka also attract rafting thrillers to have great experience of rafting.

At global locations, there are magnificent white water rafting destinations.



The Colorado River in Utah and Arizona, is the exemplary rafting spot for rafting lovers.
For seasoned rafting thrillers, The Zambezi River at Victoria Falls offers great adventurous experience.

Magpie River, Canada also allure river rafters to enjoy the journey and get mesmeric experience of scenery.
Crazy sports persons can go for river rafting in polar Noce River in Italy.

Río Pacuaré, Costa Rica is regarded as one of the best rafting river and rafters can enjoy this recreational activity to capture the memorable moment of life.

Though white river rafting around the globe is splendid experience for enthusiastic people but it also offers some challenges. Rafters should be aware of danger of this recreational activity. The raft can flip over and this could lead to the persons falling off. Although they may be wearing a Canoe or Kayak PFD, but it is good to underestimate one. The force of the water can be greater than the buoyancy of the life jacket and Rafter may get sucked in when trying to swim. Some causality may happen during white water rafting like heart attacks due to over exertion.

There are some safety tips for rafters while planning for this recreational sport:

-       Rafters must select a licensed and professional rafting outfitter.
-       It is strongly recommended to wear a life jacket, or personal flotation device.
-       While doing rafting activity, Hold the paddle properly.
-       Rafting thrillers must be skilful in swimming tehcniques.



In closing dialogue, White water rafting is widely known be adventurous worldwide. It is recreational sport activity and people may enjoy the scenery all along. Rafting is a delightful and sensational sport that can be a memorable life event for sport loving people.

Savandurga Hill: Wonderful trekking destination near Bangalore



Savandurga is a type of hilly tourist destinations for visitors nestled near Bangalore, Karnataka. The Savandurga hill is regarded as huge monolith hills in Asia and famous for trekking activity. Savandurga lies in two hills, the Billigudda and the Karigudda. There are truly two main trekking trails that run up towards Savanadurga. One is the Karigudda and the other is the Billigudda trail. The climb along Biligudda goes through the ruined fort constructed by Kempe Gowda. To climb to the fort tower is a gain a major challenge for trekkers. For adventure chasers, Karigudda is a marvellous trek. Night trekking and watching sunrise is attractive feature of this amazing tourist place.


It is a one day trip from Bangalore and appealing destination to enjoy with friends.

Important information about Savandurga hill:

1.   Distance from Bangalore City: Approximately 48 Kms
2.   Trek Difficulty Level: Easy to Moderate
3.   Average Elevation: 4022 feet
4.   Place Location: Close to Bangalore, Magadi Road
(Above information is fetched from different sources)
If visitors plan to go by car, it takes around 1-1.5 hours to complete the journey.




Driving guide: Savandurga is connected to other cities via road ways. Travellers can get taxis frequently. To reach Savandurga, visitors have two routes from the Bangalore city. First is the Magadi Road. Take a left from Ramnagar road towards Magadi, and after about 7 km, you'll find a sign board directing you to Savandurga. The second route is the Mysore road, which is slightly longer but is better. On reaching Ramnagar road, follow the same instructions as for the Magadi Road.



Another charm of visiting this spot is the Manchanabele Dam, great place for water sports. It is also famous tourist place for cave explorers and rock climbers. It is supposed that Savandurga is a perfect spot for busy professionals in Bangalore who want to relax and enjoy in the weekends. Besides, climbing and trekking, there is also an ancient temple of Sri Savandi Veerabhadraswamy Virabhadra which is located in the foothills of the region in Savandurga. Savandurga is also an excellent place for bird watchers and wildlife enthusiasts.



To make journey more memorable and joyous, tourists need good dining spot. It is suggested to carry eatables and enough water as there is no good restaurants.


Several reviews of visitors revealed that adventure thrillers may enjoy mist, sunrise in this natural region. Trekkers may start trekking activity. In the morning as it is easy and not challenging. 

Know about GitHub: A web-based hosting service


GitHub is key platform for all web developer at every level. GitHub is a web-based Git repository hosting service, which provides all of the distributed revision control and source code management functionality of Git along with adding its own structures. Simply, it is a powerful web platform which hosts code repositories. It offers developers with a remarkable toolset that makes it easy to follow certain coding best practices.

Dissimilar to Git, which is a command-line tool, GitHub offers a web-based graphical interface and desktop as well as mobile amalgamation. It also provides access control and several combining features such as wikis, task management, and bug tracking.

GitHub is classified into the Git, and the Hub. The service includes access controls as well as a number of collaboration features such as tools for basic task management and for all projects web developers handle. GitHub hosts source code projects in a different programming languages and keeps track of the several changes made to every iteration.

Basically, GitHub is the go-to tool for shaping blogs and other websites.  GitHub has plentiful benefits. Github makes for easier contributions to top open source projects. GitHub has everything turned into Markdown. Fundamentally, Markdown enables developers to use a simple text editor to write formatted documents. GitHub has transformed writing by controlling everything through Markdown like from the issue tracker, user comments, and wikis. This is the major advantage to learn programming languages to set up projects. Through GitHub, web developer can make it easier to get outstanding documentation. GitHub has Gists and GitHub Pages, too. Github pages allow web developers to create and host web pages right on GitHub by either turning that rich Markdown documentation into a beautifully rendered web page or writing HTML and CSS.



GitHub can assimilate with common daises such as Amazon and Google Cloud, services such as Code Climate to track feedback, and can highlight syntax in more than 200 different programming languages.

Implementation of Bootstrap

Bootstrap is a free front-end framework for easy and fast web development. Bootstrap was created by Mark Otto and Jacob Thornton at Twitter. Bootstrap embraces HTML and CSS based design templates for typography, forms, buttons, tables, navigation, modals, and image carousels along with optional JavaScript plugins. Bootstrap enables experts to develop responsive designs effortlessly.

While developing website, web developer use two methods to use Bootstrap which include download Bootstrap from getbootstrap.com and include Bootstrap from a CDN. The compiled Bootstrap files saves developer’s time because he/she does not need to bother every time including separate files for individual functionality. It will also enhance the performance of website and keeps the valuable bandwidth when developer decides to move site on production because of lesser HTTP request and download size since files are compiled and minified.



Steps to create First Web Page with Bootstrap:

After comprehending the structure and the purposes of Bootstrap files, developer can put Bootstrap into real use.

1. Creating a Basic HTML file: It can be performed by opening up code editor and creating a new HTML file. Start with an empty window and type the following code and save it as "basic.html" on desktop.

2. Make this HTML file a Bootstrap template by including the appropriate Bootstrap CSS and JS files. Developer should include JavaScript files at the bottom of the page before closing of the <body> tag (i.e. </body>) to augment the performance of web pages.

3. Lastly, save the file on desktop as "bootstrap-template.html".

There are numerous merits of using Bootstrap such as it can be conveniently used.  Persons who have fundamental knowledge of HTML and CSS can begin to use Bootstrap. In Bootstrap, there are responsive features. 

Bootstrap's responsive CSS adjusts to phones, tablets, and desktops. Another advantage is the mobile-first approach. In Bootstrap 3, mobile-first styles are part of the core framework. It is browser compatible. Bootstrap is compatible with latest and popular versions of Web browsers that include Google Chrome, Safari, Opera, Internet Explorer and Mozilla Firefox.

Bootstrap has array of JavaScript components in the form of jQuery plugins. These JavaScript components offers some added user interface elements like alert boxes, tooltips and carousels, and also extend the functionality of some existing interface features like the auto-complete function for the input fields.


In concluding interpretations, Bootstrap is elucidated as a CSS framework used to develop pages quicker. Bootstrap offers several valuable CSS out of the box. Bootstrap can be installed easily and implemented into a web design. Bootstrap can be furthermore modified as it uses CSS3 stylesheet. Bootstrap also offers manifold templates for launching website quickly. These features of Bootstrap magnetize web developers and designers

Importance of Performance testing in software development

In software development arena, there is a mammoth role of performance testing. Performance testing is continual process during the life cycle of the project. It is a combined technical effort of testers, and developers to run and maintain the application to its performance prospects. Performance testing requires high level skill set which includes writing test scripts, watching and appraising test results, modifying the application and restating the process.

Simply elaborated, performance testing is a procedure to determine the responsiveness, reliability, throughput, interoperability, and scalability of a system or application under a given workload. It also assesses the speed and effectiveness of system. System can be a computer, network, software program, or device. Performance testing can be conducted on software application, system resources, targeted applications components, and databases.  In this process, quantitative tests are conducted in a lab, for example measuring the response time or the number of MIPS (millions of instructions per second) at which a system operates. Factors that govern performance testing are throughput, response time, turning, and benchmarking.


Software professionals can successfully develop a product functionally. Professionals cannot check how the product will react in production or live environment. Ignorance of performance testing can also lead to crashing of system. Crashing or lowering performance of system will lead to reduce in product’s immersion on clients and finally slowdown in market growth. Thus, it’s important to have performance testing. Performance testing serve as a diagnostic tool in determining bottlenecks and single point of failure. It is often conducted in controlled environment and in conjecture with stress testing, a process of determining the ability of a system to maintain certain level of effectiveness under unfavorable conditions. .

Major grounds for using performance testing:
-       It Identifies problems early on before they become costly to resolve.
-       Performance testing reduces development cycles.
-       It produces high quality, more scalable code.
-       It averts revenue and credibility loss due to poor Web site performance.
-       Permits intelligent planning for future development.
-       Performance testing ensures that the system meets performance expectations such as response time, throughput etc. under given levels of load.
-       It exposes bugs that do not surface in cursory testing, such as memory management bugs, memory leaks, buffer overflows.

Types of performance testing:

1. Load Testing: As the name denotes in this type of testing, how much load can be handled by system is evaluated. Above the threshold level of load, system can behave in abnormal way. The main purpose of load testing is to check system with continually increasing the load on the system until the time load reaches to its threshold value. Increasing load denotes to growing number of concurrent users, transactions and check the behavior of application under test. It is also known as “Endurance testing” and “Volume testing”. The basic function of load testing is to observe the response time and staying power of application when system is efficiently operating under heavy load. It evaluates the capability of a load balancer and identifies concurrency issues. For example, testing a word processor by editing huge document.

2. Stress Testing: Stress Testing is a type of performance testing to check the steadiness of software when hardware resources are not adequate such as CPU, memory, disk space. Stress testing mainly determines or validates an application’s behavior when it is pushed beyond normal or peak load conditions. Its purpose is to ensure that the system fails and recovers elegantly. For instance, double the baseline number for concurrent users/HTTP connections.

3. Spike testing: Spike testing is subsection of Stress Testing. A spike test is done to authenticate the performance traits when the system under test is exposed to workload models and load volumes that constantly increase beyond expected production operations for short periods of time. It is performed by sudden increase or decrease in load and observing the behavior of load.

4. Soak testing: Soak testing checked with an expected amount of load over a long period of time to comprehend the behavior of system.

5. Scalability Testing: Scalability Testing is the testing of a software application for assessing its capability to scale up in terms of any of its non-functional capability like the user load supported, the number of transactions, and the data volume.

6. Volume testing: Volume testing denotes to testing a software application with huge data to be processed to check the efficiency of the application. The main aim of this testing is to monitor the performance of application under variable database volumes.



Performance testing covers following areas:
-       Assessing application and system production readiness.
-       Evaluating against performance criteria.
-       Comparing performance characteristics of multiple systems.
-       Identifying source of performance bottlenecks.
-       Aiding with performance and system tuning.
-       Helping to identify system throughput level.
-       Testing tool

One of the best tools capable of doing Performance testing according to many testers is Apache Jmeter. It almost covers all types of servers such as web, SOAP, database, LDAP, JMS, mail and shell scripts.

There are numerous challenges of performance testing for software development. These are infrastructure setup, collection and analysis of huge data, identifying the root cause of issues, team effort required, accuracy of results, client involvement, testing inside the firewall, multidimensional application (Web, SAAS, Mobile), testing on live server,  and huge expense.

To bind up, performance testing is usually a collaborative effort between all parties involved in software development. Performance testing appraise the response time, throughput and utilization of system to perform its necessary functions in comparison with different versions of the same product or a different competitive product.

Useful tips and preparations for trekking thrillers

Adventure tourism is growing speedily in recent times because outdoor recreation has been business oriented and marketers promote enthusiastically for tourist destinations to allure trekkers. Trekking is certainly the excitement for trekking fans. There are three types of trekking such as easy trek, moderate trek, and hard trek. Easy trek is a trek extending for around two days and with good land not involving much highs and lows. Moderate trek involves crossing land which requires some level of stamina and trekkers need to plan for several days of walk in tougher conditions and involves 5-6 hours of walking in a day. Hard Trek involves walking long hours per day, through steep slopes and deep valleys. In such type of trek, people need high level of stamina as well as supreme mental strength.



When planning for trekking, you must increase your stamina. It means to make strong your legs through brisk walking and do jogging at-least for a month before the start of your trek. It is recommended to quit smoking if you are a serious trekking thriller.
As an unprofessional trekker, there is a possibility of getting nervous. It is therefore important to follow some guidelines for memorable trekking tour.

1.   First of all, you must choose an easy Trek in the beginning.
2.   Before planning for trekking tour, you should go for full Medical check-up. It is necessary to be Perfectly Fit before starting the trekking tour.
3.   Whether beginners or seasoned, trekkers must conduct thorough research and plan systematically for the trek such as the location and climate.

4.   While going for trekking tour, you must make proper Schedule. The schedule should be planned by keeping in mind of weather conditions and situation of the tourist destination.

5.   As a learner in trekking, you must be aware of the fact that eatables and suitable outfits are not available during the trek. Therefore, you have to carry food and necessary garments along with you while going for adventurous trip. The quality of the dresses should be good as during the trail, clothes may get damaged.

Important items for trekking tour:
Trekking thrillers must be well equipped with all essentials to enjoy the tour. Following is the list of items you must bring along with you in trekking tour:

·        Waterproofed trekking boots
·        Running shoes
·        Down jacket
·        A sweater in cold weather
·        Two cotton shirts
·        A pair of woollen trousers
·        Three pairs of underwear
·        Wind-gear and rain-gear having a hood
·        Sun hat
·        Woollen hat
·        Woollen gloves
·        Cotton socks
·        Woollen socks
First-aid kit which includes;
-       Medicines for general health issues such as, headaches, dysentery, moleskin, antiseptic cream, surgical tape, band aids, and sun cream.
-       Tablets to purify the water
-       Toilet kit that includes extra towel, toilet paper and soap
-       Torches with extra cells
-       Sunglasses
-       Water bottle
-       Pocketknife
-       Swimsuit
-       Plastic bags
-       Weight daypack
-       Waterproof Duffel bag



When you are on the trek, you must distribute load among team members, carry a stick as it helps in walking. A length of sturdy rope is also helpful in tricky situations. It is suggested to drink water in small quantities at regular intervals. You can suck on candies and lozenges to get energy for trekking. It is advised to carry lightweight high energy food. In short day treks carrying energy fruits are better choice.


Trekking thrillers can also find other enthralling and informative article in shakehand.india

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