Foreign Accent Syndrome: A rare category of mental disorder

Foreign accent syndrome is classified as a rare medical state in which patients develop speech patterns that are visualized as a foreign pronunciation.

Major causes of developing foreign accent syndrome are trauma, head injury, migraine, Multiple sclerosis, Conversion disorder or developmental issues.  It is fundamentally a speech disorder that causes abrupt changes to speech. 

Speech changes mainly include:

-       Unusual prosody, including equal and excess stress (especially in multi-syllabic words)

-       Consonant substitution, deletion, or distortion

-       Voicing errors (i.e. bike for pike)

-       Trouble with consonant clusters

-       Vowel distortions, prolongations, substitutions

-       Joining wrong sentences together

It is documented in psychological studies that Foreign Accent Syndrome strikes on person due to some impairment to specific areas of the brain that deal with the production of speech sounds and speech patterns.

To diagnose Foreign Accent Syndrome, many medical professionals, neurologists, psychologists, and speech-language recognize symptoms and expose psychological or physical trauma. Psychologists may look beyond a patient’s physical symptoms to language exposure, education, and travel experience. They use speech and language tests, speech-language to understand patterns of FAS. After diagnosis, psychologists may recommend treatment on the basis of symptoms, conditions, and experiences of person.

Treatment for FAS:

Treatment depends on the symptomatic condition of patient. If there is a brain injury, stroke or haemorrhage the main treatment goal should be to treat the condition first.

Other treatment techniques include counselling from a psychologist which will help to overcome the awkwardness and live in society more confidently.

Speech therapy can help to bring a change in the accent and patient can speak in the native accent again.

It is recommended to go for regular health check-ups and to keep blood pressure under control. Patient must exercise regularly and keep a check on weight. They must avoid alcohol and smoking.

To wrap up, FAS is an unusual neurological syndrome which impact on speech of person. People grip in this syndrome due to principally after a stroke or brain injury.

Important: This article is developed through environmental information, academic experience and personal view of writer. Writer is not responsible for any disagreement.

Magnificent attribute of Plastic surgery

People who choose plastic surgery for their ugly or damaged body surface are daring because it is very difficult to take decision of undergo in this process. It carries lots of risk of surgical complications beside positive outcomes.

Plastic surgery basically deals with the repair, reconstruction or replacement of physical defects of forms or function involving the skin, musculoskeletal, hand, extremities, breast, trunk or cosmetic improvement of these body parts. Plastic surgery involves special type of surgery for enhancing appearance and person’s ability to function.  With the modernization of medical sciences, it is possible for people to look younger through plastic surgery.  There is great significance of procedure of plastic surgery in real life when it is performed by an expert surgeon. Cosmetic surgery can offer perfect body contour, boost overall health, and improve the quality of life.

There are two types of plastic surgery that include reconstructive and cosmetic surgery. Reconstructive surgery is performed for medical purposes such as cleft lip surgery, contracture surgery for burn patients, breast reconstruction surgery. Cosmetic surgery is normally done for aesthetic enhancement like liposuction, tummy tuck, breast lift, cheek augmentation.

Key benefit for plastic surgery is to augment overall persona of individual. Major downside of this surgery is that sometimes it leaves marks or spots on the body.

Plastic surgery can enhance self-esteem, improves health of person suffering from severe physical deformities. At the same time, it poses risk such as swelling and bruising to more serious complications. Plastic surgery is constantly innovating and modernizing its techniques to deal with new challenges.

Plastic surgery is most beneficial for burn patients. Skin grafting procedure is performed to enhance the appearance of such patients.

In binding the facts, it is well understood that plastic surgery vividly augments person’s physical appearance and brings boundless benefits. It is highly advantageous for burn patients. Due to this marvellous technique, survival of burn patients is dramatically increased and they live good quality life. This helps in boosting people’s self-confidence and concentration on job. 

Important note: This article is developed through environmental information, academic experience and personal view of writer. Writer is not responsible for any disagreement.

Handling cancerophobia or Carcinophobia: Fear of cancer

Cancer is a life threatening disease. Many people have dreadful feeling that they will grip in cancer disease. In simple term, cancerophobia is the fear of cancer.

Cancerophobia develops from a range of external events such as traumatic events in life and internal predilections. Upbringing can also play vital role in developing this phobia. Fear of cancer may be hereditary too.

Persons who suffer from this phobia show array of symptoms like intense anxiety, dread and anything associated with panic such as shortness of breath, rapid breathing, irregular heartbeat, sweating, excessive sweating, nausea, dry mouth, incapability to articulate words or sentences, dry mouth and shaking.

Patients who are diagnosed with cancerophobia need psychological and emotional support because it greatly impacts on the life of a person.

For treating cancerophobia, psychiatrists prescribe some medications to lower the symptoms but there is no cure. It can only be lessened through counselling, hypnotherapy, psychotherapy, and Neuro-Linguistic programming.  Most effective treatment for cancerophobia phobia is the treatment with psychological therapies, specifically cognitive-behavioral therapies. Social support work is a tonic to lessen cancerophobia.

It is recommended by medical professionals that persons who are griped under cancerophobia must consult psychiatrist regularly for subsequent care, remain well informed about reappearance patterns, adopt a style of healthy life taking care of both food and regular physical exercise, try to reduce stress, spend a lot of time with friends and family and perform pleasant activities.

In binding the facts, cancerophobia is embellished fear of having cancer. It may be due to past traumatic experience in family or neighbourhood. It is advised for such patients to immediately seek profession’s advice to overcome the symptoms of this phobia.

Important note: This article is developed through environmental information, academic experience and personal view of writer. Writer is not responsible for any disagreement.

Toxin free liver: Signs of healthy human body

Liver is a vital organ in human body and serve array of functions to keep healthy. It has regenerative properties. Stresses and toxins in modern lifestyle are causing unprecedented strain on liver and lead to dangerous health related issues.   Therefore it is recommended to detoxify liver and maintain proper functioning of liver.

Liver functions include:

Removing toxins from the blood

Changing lactate into energy

Metabolizing of alcohol

Producing and excreting bile

Destroying old blood cells

Activating enzymes

Regulating protein, carbohydrate and fat in the blood

Detoxifying the blood

Storing vitamins, minerals and glycogen

Among all functions, the most significant function of liver is to break down substances that are harmful and toxic for body. When liver constantly work to perform its range of functions, there is lots of stress exerted on it and liver may be damage due to overexertion. It is important to take care of liver. For proper functioning of liver, we must take nutrient rich diet that helps to fight inflammation and cell damage.

Due to poor lifestyle, liver is exposed to environmental toxins. Contaminants that overload liver include sugar, alcohol, high carbohydrate diet, caffeine, processed foods, medications, , heavy metals like arsenic, aluminium, dental filings, environmental toxins like pesticides, pollutions. These substance can overburden the liver. These can lead to range of health issues.  

There are some symptoms that indicate toxin or impairment in liver functions such as chronic fatigue, poor appetite, constipation, sleep problem, brain fog, muscles and joint pain, headache, puffiness and dark circles under eye, sinus congestion, high blood pressure, acid reflux, heartburn, skin problem, rosacea and dark urine.

In order to make toxin free liver and any impairment in liver, it is advised to focus on nourishing diet and adopt good eating habits. To detox the liver, doctors suggest that we must drink raw vegetable juice as juices can easily digested in body. We mustgestion,  take fibrous foods. These fibre content accelerates the elimination of toxins in the body, whereas providing support to the digestive tract. Vegetables like Brussels sprouts, cauliflower, cabbage, cucumber, beets, carrots and other greens detox liver. We must avoid Visceral Fat and consume vitamin B rich foods. It helps in cells process and produce energy. Foods contains high Vitamin C must be included in diet because it is strong antioxidant to fight inflammation and protect liver from toxins. Potassium rich foods are also recommended for proper functioning of liver. It helps in maintaining a healthy cardiovascular system, dropping bad cholesterol, and lowering systolic blood pressure. Best example in is banana. Other good sources of potassium are tomato sauce or pasta, spinach, beet greens, and blackstrap molasses. We must also consume foods high in Iron for good liver functioning. It helps in development of red blood cells which in turn transport oxygen in body. In liver excess iron is stored.

It is highly recommended to exclude the refined and processed foods in diet. We must cleanse our liver through drinking lemon water. It reduces swelling, DNA fragmentation, brain lipid peroxidation, and liver damage. Some food that detox our liver include garlic, grapefruit, green tea, beets and carrots, apples, leafy vegetables, olive oil, walnut, cabbage, turmeric.

In binding the facts, it is well understood that we must take care of liver to become healthy. Adopting good eating habits, consuming nutriment rich diet will detox our liver.

Important noteThis article is developed through environmental information, academic experience and personal view of writer. Writer is not responsible for any disagreement.

Paediatric dentistry: Untreated dental problems in children and after effects

Tooth decay in children is throbbing and it is irreversible. Dental disease is infectious and progressive. The bacteria responsible of tooth deterioration are transmissible and the disease is avoidable.  Oral health of child must be good to o eat properly, talk, smile, and feel healthy. If kids have cavity, they may suffer from pain and do not chew, and speak properly.

             

If dental decay is untreated, it may lead to dangerous consequences in terms of infection of the teeth, gums and even tooth loss. Psychologically, teeth problems affects in the child’s self-esteem and social development. Paediatric dentist is specialists with different techniques and materials which are required for child’s good dental treatment.

Tooth decay is common problem faced by majority of kids due to poor eating habits and lack of maintaining oral hygiene. To prevent this problem, regular dental check-up is required by Paediatric dentist. There is also a complaint of sensitive teeth in kids. This problem erupts when enamel gets worn down, the gums can recede or cracks. It can form on the tooth exposing nerve endings. This results in pain when eating or drinking anything hot or cold. It is better to consult dentist for combating sensitivity in teeth.

In case of injury or trauma to a baby tooth, paediatric dentist make every effort to save the tooth. Sometimes, they have to take stern action to extract the teeth. It is always advised to visit dentist at early stage.

Children also suffer from gum disease. it occurs when plaque and tartar build up at the base of the teeth near the gums causing them to get swollen and red. If left untreated, it can lead to tooth loss and damage to the bones. Doctors always stress on maintaining oral hygiene to avoid such major issues.

Continued thumb sucking also effect on the emergence of permanent teeth in children. The may misalign the coming teeth.

To wrap up, it is highly important to attend child’s dental issues. Timely prevention, treatment improves dental health.  It is beneficial for academic achievement and cognitive and psychosocial development of child. Presently people are very conscious and regularly visit dentist for dental issues. 


Important: This article is developed through environmental information, academic experience and personal view of writer. Writer is not responsible for any disagreement.

Wedding by chance: Glimpses of true happening

Story highlighted the events and incidents of college life and that impact on the married life of a cute and ever smiling female

As time passed, I got involved in my studies and unaware of future threat of my life. In semester break in second year of college when I left for native place, many of my college mates were sad as I was leaving for 15 days. I caught the train for native place. Once during travel by train, I was reading a romantic novel. Suddenly some military cops entered to my coach and sat in front of my berth. One of them was civilian (Naman) and he belonged to medical profession. I just closed the novel and sat on my berth.  They started talking normally. Due to my jolly nature, we became friends and shared some more details about us. Naman took more interest on me. So we both took lunch and tea together in train. After three stops, all military cops got down. Only I and Naman were left in train. Now we got more time to comprehend our lifestyle, liking and career aspects.  We shared our mobile and addresses. In superfast train, I was very happy as I got new friends. I used to like making friends and Naman became very close to me as we had some common habits.

In overnight journey, my stop came, I got down, said warm bye to Naman. He reciprocated in a same manner. After reaching home, I never forgot Naman. All the time I used to remember him. Most probably this was love or infatuation with him. One day, when I was in market, Naman gave a ring on my mobile. Just asking general things. I was very happy. He was taking interest on me. After that, he frequently gave a ring to me and I fell in love with him. After vacations, I returned back to college to complete my post-graduation. In college also, I constantly thought about him. I was about to finish final my examination, Naman called me and said that he wanted to meet me in college. I was really happy that he was inclined towards me. We went for date and had personal party.

After final examinations, I came back to my home and started preparing for teaching profession. My parents wanted that I should get married but I was reluctant. They gave many attractive grooms offer but I did not take interest. Then Naman called me again then I told him that we should get married now as my parents are searching partner for me. Naman slightly hesitated but agreed to meet my parents. As Naman was not settled, my parents were not happy with this proposal. Still, I was interested to get married with him without comprehending Naman’s point of view. Ours family was upper middle class and renowned in society. After huge struggle, my parents convinced to permit me to marry with Naman. Since Naman was not financially settled, he asked my father for financial support for certain period and my father agreed. We got married with all traditional ceremonies. 

I left my home and my journey of married life started. When I reached to Naman’s house after marriage then I observed that everybody was enjoying but they were not taking interest in me. Even some of my precious gifts were missing. I was sad but I could not take any action as everything was new to me. Gradually, I observed that Naman was involved with other female and frequently he was spending time with her. This was shocking to me. I asked about this to Naman. He laughed and told me to just ignore as there in nothing. 

After some time, we left in-laws place and shifted to new city. Meanwhile, my father withdrew financial support as he was under impression that everything was good among us.  This was the worst phase of my life. Naman started torturing me and commenting that your father breached him. Naman had huge dreams of life to become rich and live lavish life. His friends were also very rich.

Then ugly phase of my life began. I was preparing for Civil services but could not succeed and Naman always commented on me for not earning money for family. After some time, I gave birth to cute daughter and forgot all glitches. For a while, Naman became normal but due to high expenditure and no source of income, he became irritated many times and commented me frequently. Then he started doing business of dogs and asked me to take care of puppies and dogs. I did all the work calmly to support him and groomed my daughter. But issues were not resolved at this stage. From his earnings, we were not able to meet all the expenditures. And money was key problem among us. After that he made my life hell. I had my college friend posted in same city was in administrative services. I shared all the problems with her. She became very sad and became ready to extend any kind of help if needed.

Life was running but my husband was doing some conspiracy. In the background, they were planning something terrorizing. I sensed and called my friend but in next day, my husband and family informed that we have to leave for hill station to celebrate some family function at one of their relative’s place. I had no option and I went along with them. This was Kavya’s diary.

Few days later, shocking news spread about Kavya that all her family members travelling with taxi met with an accident and she lost her life. When her maternal side members visited to Naman’s family, they started crying and showed that they missed her. Kavya’s family were very sad and had to accept what they shared the story about accident.  

Six months after Kavya’s death, Naman remarried with middle aged lady working near his office. It was again shocking for Kavya’s family. Since, Kavya had one daughter, taken care of by Kavya’s in-laws. They never allowed daughter to meet with her maternal members.

This was the sad end of this wedding. We cannot imagine the plans and sense the psyche of life partner. It is therefore one need to be careful when taking decisions of life as it has no reverse gear to correct the  events happened in past.

Important Note:  This story is penned by writer. Using part or full content is prohibited. Any resemblance is just a coincidence. Writer is not responsible for any disagreement.

Importance of bone grafting in tooth extraction and restoration of teeth

With the boom of fast food and poor dietary habits, people undergo serious dental problems. In busy life, we do not spend more time in oral hygiene. As a result, we may suffer from dental carries, teeth decay, movable teeth and bone loss. Dental scientists continually explore effective ways to offer best dental solutions to their clients. When patients loss their bone due to long term periodontal diseases, bone grafting is advisable.

Bone repairing and restoring is done since long time. The surgeons of pre-incan period used gold and silver plates and shells as a grafting material to repair trephine holes in the skull 3000 years BC. Bone transplantation has common surgical procedure. A bone graft technique is performed to replace missing bone, to enhance bone formation or defect in a patient’s bone in order to restore form and structure. The bone grafting is advised when the jawbone has waned to the point where it can no longer support existing or replacement teeth. In normal course, the jawbone holds the roots of teeth in place, teeth depend on the steadfastness of the bone to keep from shifting when a person bites or chews. When a tooth is lost, the bone, which no longer serves the function of holding the root, begins to corrode until it creates a hollow cavity in jawline. Once significant bone loss is occurred, oral surgeon perform a bone graft before any replacement teeth can be placed.

Why bone grafting is needed:

Bone grafting is required when patients suffer from untreated gum (periodontal) diseases, extraction of a tooth, trauma, and various inflammations that cause bone weakening. Consequently, bone loss can also appear around existing teeth. Bone graft procedure performed by oral surgeon improve teeth integration. Furthermore, bone graft dental procedures are also required in areas without teeth, in order to insert implants and crowns thereafter. This will improve aesthetic results.

Treatment for Bone Loss in Teeth:

When patient’s teeth are extracted and the bone underneath is lost then a bone graft is required to be put in. Some dental conditions that can affect the bone beneath include:

-       Periodontal disease; infection and inflammation of the gums

-       Dental cavities

-       Long term denture usage

-       Trauma

-       Infection

-       Defective development of the teeth

Bone substitutes:

Several sources for bone material have been used by oral surgeons that include bone substitutes from a human origin (originating from human cadavers and marketed through bone and tissue banks), from various animal sources or from synthetic materials, which are lab-produced and not from a live origin. Presently, fresh autogenous cancellous and cortical bone remain the most widely used material for bone grafting.

Bond Apatite™ and 3D Bond™ are bone alternates and are based on the mineral biphasic calcium sulphate. This mineral fully resorbs and is substituted with the patient’s own bone. The material acts as a skeleton to build the new bone, and completely disappears as it rebuilds itself. Calcium Sulphate is a natural mineral used as a bone auxiliary. The calcium sulphate is used in the medical field since long time in bone enhancement. Calcium sulphate has extraordinary properties as a bone substitute and helps in bone formation.

Bone grafting material affect new bone formation at defected site in several ways. The material can induce bone formation through cellular signalling or through the transfer of osteocompetant cells or it may simply provide a scaffolding and having a space maintaining function for the host to grow new bone.

The bone graft dental techniques takes between 45-90 minutes, and is performed in dentist’s clinic by highly skilled surgeons. The initial recovery period lasts about two weeks. Following the bone graft procedure, the waiting time until a solid bone mass is received is between 3-6 months.

Different Types Of Bone Graft:

There are several bone grafting techniques for the enhancement and restoration of teeth:

1. Socket Grafting: When tooth has been lost due to infection or trauma and leave a cavity in the bone within the gums, then oral surgeon can opt to fill it with some graft material which acts as a base, around which bone cells will migrate and form a layer of new bone cells.

2. Ridge Augmentation: This techniques is performed in case of excessive bone loss after a tooth is lost. The dental surgeon uses an allograft in this case to fill the void completely to restore the former structure of the bone. The approximate cost of Ridge augmentation is about $4600 in the US.

3. Sinus Lift Procedure: This technique is performed for teeth missing in the upper jaw. An incision is made is the maxillary sinus or the area above the upper jaw. The sinus tissue is moved upward and bone tissue is filled into the cavity created. After the procedure is conducted, a dentist will wait for a few months to allow the jaw to heal and remodel, to support the implant.

The Post-Operative Care For Bone Graft:

After bone grafting procedure, patient needs keep ice packs on the gums to manage swelling and soreness. After the surgery, a dental surgeon generally prescribes antibiotics to prevent the development of an infection during the recovery stage. Pain killers also help with the pain. Patients will have to avoid wearing dentures for a few weeks in the healing stages after surgery.

Safety features of bone grafting:

Bone grafting must be performed by a highly trained doctor, then it is safe and reliable. All grafting materials are completely sterile and come from a reputable national tissue bank. The high success rate of the surgery is when surgeon uses bone material from patient’s own body.

Post-operative care for a  bone graft:

After bone grafting procedure, patients need to maintain oral hygiene. Teeth need to be brushed twice daily, followed by regular flossing and rinsing with mouthwash. Regarding the diet, patients must have to consume soft and pureed foods for the first few days after the procedure. They can take solid foods after a few days.

Failure of bone grafts:

Bone grafting has high success rate if done by trained oral surgeon. Still, there are likelihoods that the bone graft may not be successful for certain people. Negative results are found for people who smoke or have medical conditions that could exacerbate the pain. The most frequent complication of graft failure may be due to exposure of bone graft, improper stabilization of the graft, and infection.

Numerous factors that can pose the risk of a bone graft:

• Periodontal disease

• Smoking

• Osteoporosis

• Surgical errors

• Systemic conditions such as uncontrolled diabetes

• Immune system deficiencies.

Merits of bone grafting:

A bone grafting procedure is highly recommended for the patients who do not have enough bone to support a dental implant or artificial tooth replacements. Bone grafts can enhance the size and shape of bone and gums at the graft site and aesthetically more tempting. A bone graft procedure is performed to maintain the bone structure after a tooth extraction process.

Patients who must avoid bone grafting:

Bone grafting is not recommended for people who smoke overly as there are chances of failure due to delayed recovery and graft rejection. Any person who is suffering from an untreated periodontal disease must not undergo this procedure to avoid certain complications such as aggravated gum infection. Patients who have uncontrolled chronic disorders such as diabetes or heart diseases must not undergo this procedure.

Alternatives techniques of a Bone Graft:

Besides grafting bones, other techniques can be performed to build bone to place implants or alternative teeth replacement.

1. Ridge Expansion: This is performed when the jaw is not wide enough to support the implants. A saw is used to slit the jaw open and graft material is used to fill this space.

2. Distraction Osteogenesis: This process is performed by dental surgeon to increase the height of the lost bone within the jaw. A piece of bone is separated from the rest of the jaw and a piece of titanium is placed between the two sets of bone, the one sawed away and the one present within the jaw.

Important facts:

If a bone graft is not performed, without a tooth the bone withers away. This will affect future plans of replacing missing teeth with implants of other techniques.

In India, dental surgeon offer high quality treatment for dental problems at low prices. The country has accredited medical facilities, which guarantee the highest quality services to their patients. There is a huge team of qualified medical practitioners in India. The dental infrastructure in the country is well modernised with the newest technological developments in the field.

In nutshell, Bone grafting is helpful to enhance bones that are lost due to trauma or natural or pathologic process. It aids in retaining aesthetic of teeth. Bone grafting is a technique of the use of bone in reconstructive orthopaedics to repair skeletal defects and hasten bone healing. Bone grafts serve array of mechanical and biologic functions.

Important note: This article is developed through environmental information, academic experience and personal view of writer. Writer is not responsible for any disagreement.