Lightning strike: cruelty of nature

Useful facts for humans:

Human has dreadful as well as amazing experience of perceiving lightening. Several reports indicated that thousands of people are hit by lightning each year, only a fraction are seriously injured.

A lightning strike is a huge electrical discharge between the atmosphere and an earth-bound object. A lightning bolt can heat the surrounding air to 50,000 degrees Fahrenheit—that’s five times hotter than the sun—and can contain up to 300kV of energy.

To understand lightening, it is elaborated that lightning is an unexpected electrostatic discharge during an electrical storm between electrically charged regions of a cloud (called intra-cloud lightning or IC), between that cloud and another cloud (CC lightning), or between a cloud and the ground (CG lightning). The charged areas in the atmosphere temporarily balance themselves through this discharge denoted to as a strike if it hits an object on the ground, and a flash if it occurs within a cloud. Lightning causes light in the form of plasma, and sound in the form of thunder.

Injuries due to lightening:

Serious lightning injuries involve primarily cardiac arrest and neurologic injury in developed countries. Major complications are rare in mild and moderate lightning injuries, although musculoskeletal discomfort and subjective sensations of paresthesias, irritability, and other nonspecific neurologic sequelae may be present, depending on the location and intensity of the strike. In severe lightning injury with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) required in the field, permanent neurologic deficit and hypoxic injury are common.

Complications of being struck by lightning are as under:

Ø  Chronic pain syndromes

Ø  Neuromuscular pain

Ø  Neurocognitive deficits, including short-term memory loss, difficulty accessing or processing new information, attention deficit, personality change, distractibility, or loss of ability to multitask

Ø  Isolation or depression

Ø  Sympathetic nervous system dysfunction, including positive tilt tests and hypertension

Ø  Dizziness

Ø  Sleep disorders

Ø  Symptoms similar to postconcussion syndrome (eg, headaches, nausea, confusion)

Ø  A typical seizure disorders

Ø  Pituitary or hypothalamic damage with secondary endocrine effects

Cardiopulmonary complications include the following:

Ø  Transient hypertension

Ø  Electrocardiographic changes

Ø  Myocardial injury

Ø  Congestive heart failure

Ø  Dysrhythmia

Ø  Transient asystole

Ø  Atrial fibrillation

Ø  Ventricular fibrillation

Ø  Frequent premature ventricular contractions

Ø  Respiratory complications

Ø  Apnea

Ø  Hypoxemia

Lightning injuries also causes Damage to the central nervous system (CNS). Neurologic complications include the following:

Ø  Immediate loss of consciousness

Ø  Amnesia and confusion

Ø  Retrograde amnesia

Ø  Hemiplegia, aphasia

Ø  Coma

Ø  Seizures

Ø  Intraventricular hemorrhage

Ø  Hematomas

Ø  Keraunoparalysis

Vascular complications include the following:

Ø  Vasomotor instability

Ø  Arterial spasm

Ø  Vasoconstriction

Ø  Vasodilatation

Ophthalmic complications include:

Ø  Cataracts

Ø  Macular holes

Ø  Corneal lesions

Ø  Hyphema

Ø  Iritis

Ø  Vitreous hemorrhage

Ø  Retinal detachment

Ø  Optic nerve injury

Otologic complications are as under:

Ø  Ruptured tympanic membrane

Ø  Temporary hearing loss

Ø  Disruption of the bones of hearing

Ø  Dizziness and instability from eighth nerve damage

Prevention system for lightning:

Conventional lightning protection systems guard buildings, equipment, and people from lightning strikes through lightning Arrester to attract the lightning and conduct the resulting surge current to ground via a dedicated grounding wire. Nevertheless, the associated electromagnetic pulse (EMP) can cause a surge current to flow through electronic devices in the building, resulting in damage to equipment.

Use of conventional lightning protection systems based on lightning rods may result in destruction to vulnerable electronic and IT equipment when a lightning strikes which produces induced currents.

The new Dissipation Array lightning protection system averts lightning damage by inhibiting the lightning strikes themselves. The new lightning prevention system comprises of a hemispherical ionizer formed from wires to which a large number of protruding rods have been welded. It is installed at the highest point on the building being protected and connected electrically to a ground current collector buried in the ground. The electric field that forms between the bottom of the thunder cloud and ground causes a corona discharge at the tips of the ionizer rods, positively ionizing the surrounding atmosphere. In the case when the bottom of the thunder cloud is negatively charged, the ionizer rods positively ionize the surrounding atmosphere, weakening the electric field in the direction of the earth. This prevents lightning strikes by inhibiting the creation of upward leaders from the ionizer, thereby minimize the risk of connection with downward leaders from the thunder cloud. The new lightning prevention system has been installed at more than 4,000 sites in 57 different countries around the world (as of December 2010).

The three-dimensional (3D) lightning monitoring system uses three sets of antennas to detect radio waves emitted by the progression of lightning discharges, and uses the phase difference between them to determine the direction of the discharges. By monitoring from a number of locations, the system can also determine the 3D coordinates of discharges. The system uses a very high frequency (VHF) broadband digital interferometer.

Ways to escape or survive in lightning strike (Preventive measures):

In the occurrence of lightening, people must take some steps to lower chance of getting affected. These safety procedures are recommended by the National Weather Service:

- When a thunderstorm threatens, get inside a home or large building, or inside an all-metal (not convertible) vehicle.

- Inside a home, people must not use mobile or telephone, except for emergencies

If outside, with no time to reach a safe building or an automobile, People can follow below rules:

- Do not stand under a natural lighting rod such as a tall, isolated tree.

- Avoid projecting above the surrounding landscape as people would do if they were standing on a hilltop, in an open field, on the beach, or fishing from a small boat.

- Get out of and away from open water.

- Get away from tractors and other metal farm equipment.

- Get off of and away from motorcycles, scooters, golf carts and bicycles. Put down golf clubs.

- Stay away from wire fences, clotheslines, metal pipes, rails and other metallic paths which could carry lightning to you from some distance away.

- Avoid standing in small isolated sheds or other small structures in open areas.

If people are in a forest, they seek shelter in a low area under a thick growth of small trees. In open areas, go to a low place such as valley.

To bind up facts, it is established that lightning occurs due to an electrical discharge of electrons moving very quickly from one place to another. These electrons move so quickly that they superheat the air around them causing it to glow.  World statistics indicates that Lightning strikes kill thousands of people worldwide each year. People must take precautions to keep themselves safe.

Important note: This article is based on available information. Writer is not responsible for any disagreement.

Food allergies may be life threatening

Generally, people are unaware of allergies they have. They are careless about food that can have toxic effect on their body. It is highly important to know which food is allergen to their body so that remedial action can be taken to prevent from health diseases.

Food allergy symptoms are common in babies and children, but they can appear at any age. People can even develop an allergy to foods they have eaten for years with no problems.

A food allergy reaction ensues when immune system of humans exaggerates to a food or a substance in a food, recognizing it as a danger and generating a protective response. Food allergies involve two features of the human immune response. One is the production of immunoglobulin E (IgE), a type of protein called an antibody that circulates through the blood. The other is the mast cell, a specific cell that occurs in all body tissues but is especially common in areas of the body that are typical sites of allergic reactions, including the nose and throat, lungs, skin, and gastrointestinal tract.

Even small amount of the allergy-causing food can trigger signs and symptoms such as digestive problems, hives or swollen airways. In some people, a food allergy can cause severe symptoms or even a life-threatening reaction known as anaphylaxis. The most severe allergic reaction is anaphylaxis. It is a life-threatening whole-body allergic reaction that can weaken breathing, cause a dramatic drop in blood pressure and affect heart rate. Anaphylaxis can come on within minutes of exposure to the trigger food. It can be deadly and must be treated quickly with an injection of epinephrine (adrenaline).

Though people may be sensitive to any food and they may develop allergies, but common food that can cause adverse reaction are as under: 

Ø Eggs

Ø Milk

Ø Peanuts

Ø Tree nuts

Ø Fish

Ø Shellfish

Ø Wheat

Ø Soy

Symptoms of an allergic reaction:

Symptoms may involve the skin, the gastrointestinal tract, the cardiovascular system and the respiratory tract.

Patient may exhibit following reaction when he has allergy to food:

Ø Vomiting and/or stomach cramps

Ø Hives

Ø Shortness of breath

Ø Wheezing

Ø Repetitive cough

Ø Shock or circulatory collapse

Ø Tight, hoarse throat; trouble swallowing

Ø Swelling of the tongue, affecting the ability to talk or breathe

Ø Weak pulse

Ø Pale or blue colouring of skin

Ø Dizziness or feeling faint

Ø Anaphylaxis

Peanuts are one of the most common cause of food-related allergy death. They can activate anaphylaxis, a reaction that may be deadly if medical attention is not given immediately. Symptoms usually start within minutes of exposure. But they can also start within seconds or take hours to develop.

In India, reports indicated that people are allergic to Wheat or gluten.  If a person experiences allergies from wheat, they must watch foods. People with wheat allergy should avoid food that contains wheat, semolina, barley based products, broken wheat, burger, wheat bran, durum, cereals, pasta, rotis, chapattis, packaged baked products, and some noodles.

When person must visit to doctor: 

People must visit to doctor or allergist if they have food allergy symptoms shortly after eating.

Risk factors:

Following are the risk factors to develop allergies:

1.   Family history. People are at increased risk of food allergies if asthma, eczema, hives or allergies such as hay fever are common in their family.

2.   A past food allergy. Children may develop a food allergy, but in some cases it returns later in life.

3.   Other allergies. If people have already allergic to one food, they may be at amplified risk of becoming allergic to another.

4.   Age. Food allergies are most common in children, particularly toddlers and infants. As they grow older, digestive system matures and their body is less likely to absorb food or food components that trigger allergies.

5.   Asthma. Asthma and food allergy commonly occur together. When they do, both food allergy and asthma symptoms are more likely to be severe.

Factors that may increase risk of developing an anaphylactic reaction include:

-      Having a history of asthma

-      Being a teenager or younger

-      Waiting longer to use epinephrine to treat food allergy symptoms

-      Not having rashes or other skin symptoms

Regrettably, most doctors do not recognize how food sensitivities and food allergies can affect those who suffer with irritable bowel, celiac, Crohn’s, rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, eczema, psoriasis, fibromyalgia, lupus, MS, and heart disease. People who experiences with swelling, gas, indigestion, reflux, and other irritable bowel problems may not understand that the main reason for these conditions are linked with hidden food allergies. These unidentified allergens, if allowed to continue, will cause inflammation and deteriorate the immune system.

Allergic reactions are often minor, but it may sometimes be very serious.

Prevention and treatment:

When person experiences food allergy, best way is to avoid that food. For a severe allergic reaction, people may need an emergency injection of epinephrine and rush to the emergency room.

In briefing note, huge number of people suffer from some types of allergy in world. Food allergies are mainly due to the exaggerated reaction of the immune system to certain foods. It is recommended to closely watch foods that people consume. If they are affected with some typical food, they must stop consuming, otherwise, allergies can be very dangerous and may cost one’s life. 

Genetically modified foods are major threat to human health

Genetically modified foods in food production are a matter of major controversy and catching the attention of much media exposure. Huge international companies are involved in risky global experiment to introduce outsized numbers of genetically engineered foods broadly into market’s food supply. 

Genetically modified foods trigger many issues in the area of scientific, technological, environmental, social, ethical, economic, and political among social structure. It is perceived that marketable and political intentions are taking priority with negligible concern to the probable dangers for developing genetically modified foods. Genetically engineered foods contain genes which are resulting from bacteria and viruses. These are created from genetically modified organisms which have their genome changed during genetic production techniques.  These genetic modifications are completely dissimilar from those foods which are obtained from established methods of breeding. Due to curiosity and new invention, the trade of these foods is being allowable without proper evaluation of the risks and without sufficiently informing the public. 

It has been stated that genetically modified foods could cause severe damage to health and the atmosphere. Another factor which is not acceptable regarding genetically modified food is that these foods are not labeled. Genetically modified foods are readily obtainable in U.S. markets includes tomatoes, squash, yeast, corn, potatoes, and soybeans. The use of genetically modified organisms is to produce cheeses and canola oil. These foods causes the greatest danger of any technology yet introduced. Genetically modified food has vast damaging effects on health that can not be preventable and irreversible.

One of the foremost health alarms with GM food is its potential to boost allergies and anaphylaxis in humans eating unlabeled GM foodstuffs. For growing genetically modified food, number of chemicals is used on crops that results in increased infectivity of our water supply and food. This also upsets of ecological balance. Such synthetically induced characteristics and certain side-effects will be transferred on to all succeeding generations. To protect health of human as well as animal species, genetic engineering food must be banned until it is scientifically demonstrated to be harmless and safe for everyone.

It is highly recommended to purchase organic foods which are produced according to definite production standards. As far as the health factor is concerned, people usually do not compromise with engineering of genetically modified foods.

Maintaining lips to glow as natural beauty

Women beauty is gauged with their attractive lips. A lip is an important part of her face that should be cared passably to bring out natural beauty of face. It is a fact that rose and pink lips enhance beauty to the women.  If lips tend to stay scaly and unappealing along with dead skin layer, the whole facial presentation will be disturbed.

There are numerous causes of lip deterioration such as excessive exposure to direct sunlight, an allergic reaction, use of low-quality cosmetics, chewing tobacco, excessive smoking, high caffeine intake, and hormonal imbalances.

These days, lots of cosmetics and brands are available in market and consumer is confused which one to buy. It is recommended that instead of using harmful cosmetics and lip balms, women can try effective homemade procedures to maintain their lips look beautiful. They can now get juicy and well moisturized lips that will make them feel beautiful and healthy. If lips have lost their natural color, the home remedies will be useful to turn the naturally beautiful lips.

To maintain healthy and enticing lips, women may adopt following natural techniques:

-Use the natural homemade lip scrubs to exfoliate lips. Use the sea salt and honey scrub to exfoliate the lips.

-Use the Chap Stick before applying the lip stick. Chapstick layer is used as the base for the lip sticks it won’t dry the lipstick.

-Use the vitamin E rich lip balms to the lips they will protect lips.

-Avoid applying the lipstick over on the lips. It makes you bad.

-Honey is the best moisturizer for the lips. Apply the honey on the lips after 10 minutes wash with water.

-Make massage to your lips with almond oil.

-Apply the butter or milk creams at the night time before going to bed. It will make your lips smooth.

-It is not advised to pull the dry flake from the lips. Use the natural lip scrubs to remove the dead cells from the lips.

-Drink lot of water and be hydrated.

-Use the lip balms with high SPF and which gives the protection from the UV rays.

For darken lips, women can try following tips:

-Use Lemon: Lemon is often used to treat dark skin patches and spots, and you can use it to naturally lighten dark lips, too. To use it, Squeeze a lemon and apply the juice on your lips before going to bed. Follow this simple remedy daily for one to two months.

- To lighten lips, rose can be used. Rose has three main medicinal properties: soothing, cooling, and moisturizing. Rose will also help add a natural pink tint to your dark lips. Procedure is that mix one drop of rose water with a few drops of honey and apply it on lips. Do this three or four times a day. Women can also mix one tablespoon of rose petal paste and one teaspoon of butter, honey, or milk cream. Apply it on their lips and gently scrub. Follow this remedy two times a week.

Another is that soak a few rose petals in raw milk for one hour, and then grind the mixture to make a paste. Add one-half teaspoon of honey and a pinch of saffron to it. Apply the paste on lips and leave it on for about 15 minutes. Do this two times a day.

- Olive oil can also be used to make lips lively. Olive oil contains many essential nutrients to nurture lips and its moisturizing property will make them soft and beautiful. Procedure: Apply a few drops of extra virgin olive oil on lips and massage it gently. Do this daily before going to bed.

- Sugar also enhances lips and remove dead skin cells.  To use it, blend three tablespoons of granulated sugar and two tablespoons of butter to make a thick paste. Scrub lips gently with the paste. Do this once a week to restore natural lip color and shine. Alternatively, women can also try to make scrub by mixing one teaspoon of granulated sugar, one teaspoon of honey, and one-half teaspoon of almond oil. Use it to scrub lips once a week.

- Another home remedy to lighten lips is beetroot. Beetroot has natural bleaching properties that can lighten dark lips. Procedure is that apply fresh beetroot juice on lips before going to bed. Wash it off the next morning. The natural red color of the juice will turn dark lips rosy. Do this daily before going to bed.

Women can mix equal amounts of beetroot juice and carrot juice and apply it on their lips. Massage gently and leave it on for 10 minutes before rinsing it off with lukewarm water. Do this once daily for a week or two.

-Other fruit like Pomegranate is perfect to lighten dark lips. It can nourish and moisturize dry and dehydrated lips as well as help restore their natural pink color. Procedure is that mix together one tablespoon of crushed pomegranate seeds and a little milk cream and rose water. Apply this paste on lips and gently scrub for a few minutes. Wash it off with lukewarm water. Do this once daily.

Another way is to mix equal amounts of pomegranate juice, beetroot juice and carrot juice. Apply it on dark lips once daily.

It is well understood that face is the beauty of females and healthy and natural lips can add charm in her personality. Lips have been considered as an object of sensuality. Therefore, it is suggested to females that they can espoused natural tips to glow their lips. 

Obese children: Serious challenge for parents

Obesity is a major health concern for medical professionals. Many countries are confronted with the problem concerning childhood obesity. Despite many efforts to control the problem, it appears that the number of obese children keeps on increasing. Children should be protected from obesity as it causes various conditions. 

Cases of childhood obesity around the globe are increasing at an alarming rate. If this problem is overlooked, it may have severe impact on future generations. Overweight children have become double in the last two to three decades. Mainly, overweight is the outcome of caloric imbalance.  It is necessary to analyze the root causes of obese child in today’s environment. People have traditional thought that parents and media are responsible for childhood obesity but it is not always true. In present situation, the lifestyle is changing very fast and child is exposed to diverse situation where he adopts good and bad habits. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality as well as reduced life expectancy. For children and adolescents, overweight and obesity are defined using age and sex specific normograms for body mass index (BMI). Children with BMI equal to or exceeding the age-gender-specific 95th percentile are defined obese. Those with BMI equal to or exceeding the 85th but are below 95th percentiles are defined overweight and are at risk for obesity related co-morbidities.

Obese children may be forced to bear the health consequences of obesity if prevention efforts are not effective. Parents play a role in making food choices. Since children are still incapable to judge which foods are healthy and which ones are not, the parents should look after the foods taken by their children to ensure that they only take healthy foods. Children are taught early in life to take healthy foods are also more likely to choose healthy foods over unhealthy ones. It is believable that children who are into negative eating habits were not taught by their parents about healthy food choices. It is however more believable that these children adopted that lifestyle of their parents. 

Parents are model to their children in terms of food choices and whether their parents consumed, children may follow. Children are also allowed to make decisions on the food they want to it. Children are poor in food decisions that instead of choosing healthy snacks and fruits, they go for unhealthy, sugary foods. Exercise helps burn fat and calories thus in the absence of exercise, fats tend to accumulate in the body. Modern living is associated with stresses, pressures and tensions. To relieve one from these stresses, people turn to food and beverages. Individuals can become very indulgent in these foods which serve as their comfort foods that they tend to forget to limit their intake. Too much indulgence indeed can become a habit thereby resulting to increased weight and eventually to obesity. 

Child gains weight when his daily routine lacks in physical activity and he adopts unhealthy eating patterns. It is believed that child obesity is the child's fault itself because the child eats excessive food without thinking the consequences of his eating pattern. Sometimes children do not set their schedule properly and sleep deprivation could be liable for an approximately doubled risk of obesity. It has been observed that in wealthier nations, plenteous food is available but it is not always nutritious. Even though parents restrict but due to intense desire, child consumes such foods and puts on weight. 

Children who make a habit of poor diets and live sedentary lifestyles are under grip of obesity, which is a severe health problem worldwide (UNICEF). Children who excessively nibble may become obese. It is anticipated that the average American eats the equal of a fourth meal every day. With the flood of fast food in market, Children prefer to eat such food. Over-consumption of these foods is one more probable cause of child obesity. Children must be careful in selecting numerous fast food chains resulting obesity. 

A healthful eating plan can be prepared to help obese children shed off the extra pounds. Diets are commonly emphasized on restricting carbohydrate intakes, low-fat diets and novelty diets. These types of diets however are not totally reliable. It may result to weight loss though but cannot guarantee that one will be able to maintain the desired weight. Normally weight is regained once diet is stopped.  Diet therefore cannot assure one of a long-term weight management. If diet is the sole approach towards weight reduction and weight management, this may not really be successful.

In order to attain the desired weight and maintain it, one should use a new approach; one that does not solely focus on diet but also include other influencing factors of obesity. A combination of healthy eating and eating less, engaging in physical activity and changing behavioral patterns can be the successful approach to a long-term weight management.

Necessity of Vitamin B12 for human health

Vitamin B12 also called Cobalamin is a vital nutrient for human to become healthy as it is involved with a lot of important processes in the human body. Food is the main source for this nutrient, with supplements being the secondary source for some people. Vitamin B12 is structurally most complex of all the vitamins known to man. Vitamin B12 is essential to normal energy metabolism in all cells of the body as well as amino acid and fatty acid metabolism. Furthermore, B12 is very important in numerous other vital physiological processes such as brain function and nervous system health, myelin sheath health, blood formation, bone marrow health, and DNA synthesis/regulation.

Medical reports indicated that a slight deficiency of vitamin B-12 can result in diseases like anaemia, fatigue, mania, and depression, whereas a long term insufficiency can cause permanent damage to the brain and central nervous system. Vitamin B12 can only be manufactured by bacteria and can only be found naturally in animal products, however, synthetic forms are extensively available and added to many foods like cereals. Vitamin B12 can be consumed in large doses because excess is excreted by the body or stored in the liver for use when supplies are scarce. Stores of B12 can last for up to a year.

Symptoms of Vitamin B12 Deficiency:

Fatigue

Constipation

Depression

Low Sperm Count and Libido

Weakness and Anemia

Asthma

If the deficiency remains for long time, the patient may have the following neurological signs and symptoms:

Tingling or numbness of the fingers

Tingling or numbness of the toes

General muscle weakness

Difficulty walking properly (staggering)

Irritability

Confusion

Forgetfulness

Tender calves.

A blood test is the best way to test for vitamin B12 deficiency.

Food rich in Vitamin B12 are as under:

-Eggs:

- Beef liver: 3 oz: 18 mcg (over 100% DV)

- Lamb: 3 oz: 2.07 mcg

- Salmon: 3 oz: 1.1 mcg

Vegetarian food Sources of Vitamin B12:

- Cheese: The amount of vitamin B12 in cheese depends on type and variety.

- Whey Powder: Whey powder is a common addition to breads and smoothies, 100 grams will provide 2.5 μg of vitamin B12 or 42% of the DV.

- Milk and Yogurt:

-Fortified Foods: Vegetarians have a choice to consume Fortified Foods with vitamin B12 such as breakfast cereals, soy milk and yeast extracts.

Vitamin B12 enhances health in following way:

Protect Against Heart Disease - Sufficient levels of vitamins B12, B6, and B9 have been shown to lower levels of a protein in the blood: homocysteine. Lower levels of homocysteine improve endothelial function, which in turn may boost cardiovascular health and decrease risk of heart attacks.

Protect and Repair DNA to Reduce Cancer Risk and Slow Aging: Absorption of vitamin b12 and Folate (B9) is important for DNA metabolism and maintenance which helps to prevent cancer and slow aging.6 Read full blog post here...

Protect against Dementia and Cognitive Decline:  Lack of vitamin B12 increases homocysteine levels, which decreases the body’s ability to metabolize neurotransmitters. Numerous observational studies suggest increased homocysteine levels increase the incidence of Alzheimer's disease and dementia and low levels of vitamin B12 has been related with cognitive deterioration.

Alzheimer's Protection: Many medical studies have revealed that a deficiency in Vitamin B12 and Folate (B9) can increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease.

Energy and Endurance: A lack of vitamin B12 will lead to anaemia and weakness. Sufficient levels of vitamin B12 are needed to maintain normal energy levels.

In sum, the benefits of vitamin B12 are as under:

-Boosting energy

-Reducing depression

-Decrease sugar cravings

-Lowering cholesterol and blood pressure

-Protects against cancer

-Reduces neurological and brain degeneration

To wrap up, there are many health benefits of Vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 is consumed by the human body to maintain normal brain function and to generate both red blood cells and DNA. Many Health professionals recommend that adults consume at least 2.4 mcg of vitamin B12 each day.

Childhood physical abuse is alarmingly prevalent: Global scenario

The problem of child abuse has become increasingly evident all over the world.  

It is an appeal to world populace: please save your child from physical abuse and build strong global community because children are new human generation of planet.

Child physical abuse is an immense, persistent societal problem. Sexual abuse itself is grossly intrusive in the lives of children and is harmful to their normal psychological, emotional, and sexual development in ways, which no just or humane society can tolerate. CPS agencies also confirmed an estimated 1,215 child abuse and neglect related fatalities in 1995; 85% of these children were under the age of 5 at the time of their death.

In simple term, Child Physical Abuse is elaborated as non-accidental trauma or physical injury caused by punching, beating, kicking, biting, burning or otherwise harming a child, physical abuse is the most visible form of child maltreatment. Physical abuse also results from unsuitable or excessive physical discipline. A parent or caretaker in annoyance may be ignorant of the extent of force with which he or she strikes the child.

Major grounds of Child physical abuse:

There are numerous causes of Child physical abuse.  Caregivers and other adults abuse children

-      As a form of punishment or disciplinary action.

-      Lack of parenting support and abilities.

-      Mental illness is prime reason for childhood physical abuse. Some people may be mentally ailing even though they look like any other person and may be involved with abusive behaviour towards kids without realizing what they are doing.

-      Domestic violence of adults also results in mistreating kids. An angry father through his anger to children without any reason.

Other factors that causes childhood physical abuse are immaturity, unrealistic expectations, emotional problems, economic crisis, difficulty in relationships, depression, and other mental health problems.

Millions of children have been subjected to severe abuse such as punching or hitting with an object. Although extreme forms of abuse (e.g., burns) are easily identifiable, definitions of child physical abuse varies based on whether they consider endangerment or demonstrable harm, intent to harm or culpability of the offender, and cultural childrearing norms.

Statistical reports signified that many children suffer abuse every year around the globe, affecting all educational and socioeconomic levels, ethnicities, cultures, and religions. The most common form of child abuse in the United States is being left at home alone without adult supervision. According to statistical records released by UNICEF, over the past decade more than 20,000 American children are believed to have been killed in their own homes by family members. It is approximately four times the number of U.S. soldiers killed in Iraq and Afghanistan, and means that America has the worst record of child abuse in the developed world.

Child physical abuse is a substantial problem with tragic outcomes. Aside from the immediate risk of injury or death, maltreated children suffer from a host of psychological and behavioral problems including cognitive deficits.

Psychological Effects: Children who get abused often feel insulated, fearful and untrusting, and these immediate emotional effects can transform into lifelong concerns such as low self-esteem, depression and relationship difficulties. According to the CWIG, about 80 percent of young adults who were abused as children met the diagnostic criteria for at least one psychiatric disorder at age 21, including depression, anxiety, eating disorders and suicide.

Other psychological conditions related with abuse are panic disorder, dissociative disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder and reactive attachment disorder. CWIG also reported that many children who are abused score lower than average on tests of cognitive ability, language development and academic achievement.

There are dangerous behavior impact of childhood abuse. Health reports indicated that abused and neglected kids are 25 percent more likely to experience problems such as delinquency, teen pregnancy and teen drug use and 11 times more likely to be arrested for criminal behavior as a juvenile. CWIG stated about 66 percent of people in drug treatment programs report being abused as children, and over 30 percent of abused and neglected kids eventually victimize their own children.

Prevention guidelines:

- Childhood physical abuse can be arrested through increasing public awareness efforts to educate the public about positive discipline as an alternative to spanking.

-  People must volunteer their time and get involved with other parents in their community. They must come forward to assist vulnerable children and their families.

- Discipline children thoughtfully but never be authoritarian when emotionally disturbed.

- It is better to teach children their rights. When children are taught they are special and have the right to be safe, they are less likely to think abuse is their fault, and more likely to report crook.

- To prevent Childhood physical abuse, it is necessary to know about this concept.  Physical and sexual abuse clearly constitute ill-treatment. Children can also be emotionally ill-treated when they are rejected, criticized, or continuously isolated. Therefore good care is important.

To wrap up, child physical abuse is not unintentional instead it is a deliberate act. And there is no excuse of such inhuman reactions to innocent child. Physical abuse is purposely hurting a child that has dangerous consequences such as bruises, broken bones, burns or cuts. It can be prevented through sincere efforts from generating awareness among people as well as enforcing strict laws for guilty.

It can be appreciated that USA has strict laws to protect the children from such abuse. 

Important: This article is an expression of writer and based on available information. Any resemblance is just a coincidence. Writer is not responsible